Argumentative Essay On The Cask Of Amontillado - 1062 Words

â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† argumentative essay Edgar Allan Poe’s â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† is a goosebump-evoking tale that follows one man’s twisted plot for revenge. Although carnival season is in full-swing above ground, Fortunato finds himself being lead to his death underground in the catacombs. His â€Å"past insults† will ensure that he will never again participate in such feasts and merriment; Montresor, his â€Å"frenemy†, will make sure of that. As if the story isn’t creepy enough, Poe uses dialogue and sensory details to produce a mood that is both suspenseful and dark. Since Fortunato decided to open his mouth and laugh at Montresor, he is going to have to pay the price. Montresor is tired of being hurt a thousand plus times by†¦show more content†¦This leads to another step in Montresor’s perfect plan of revenge and makes it one step closer to murdering Fortunato. â€Å"Amontillado! Quite impossib le.† â€Å"I know. It does not seem possible. As I could not find you I was just going to talk to Luchresi. If anyone understands wines it is Luchresi. He will tell me†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Luchresi? He does not know one wine from another!† â€Å"But they say he knows as much about wines as you know.† â€Å"Ho! --- Come. Let us go.† â€Å"Go where?† â€Å"To your vaults. To taste the wine.† (Poe 69). Montresor is trying to lure Fortunato to his vaults by telling him that Luchresi can just come and taste the Amontillado because he knows best. He knows Fortunato will freak out by this statement, and then show Montresor that he is wrong in saying that. Indeed, this leads Fortunato down into the catacombs, just so he can prove Montresor wrong. That s when Montresor will take his final step in his plan to end Fortunato. This event leads to the most suspenseful part in the short story. The reader doesn’t know what Montresor’s next step is going to be in his plan, along with what stupid move is Fortunato going to take to leading himself closer to his death. As Montresor and Fortunato reach the entrance to the catacombs, Poe adds nervousness to Montresor by using words that explain his movements or the surroundings around him and Fortunato. He is so close to murdering Fortunato, and Montresor is feeling a little doubtful on how it is going to go down. Montresor is

The Economic Economy The Economy Of Venezuelas Economy

Economic Affairs: Its mayor export partners are United States with trading values ranging from $24 to $30 billions per year at least in the last 3 years. United States has received exports of Petrolium in massive numbers from Venezuela which petroleum has a total of 95% worth of the country’s total trades, this is the 50% of Venezuela’s GDP. Venezuela is bordered by Guayana, Brazil and Colombia. Venezuela shipped to the US $29.1 billion worth of goods around the globe in 2016, while receiving from the US exports of cars, machinery and pharmaceutics merchandise. The US is a big parter in trades because it Venezuela is one of its top 4 suppliers of oil. Venezuela is highly dependent on exported oil which dominated 98.6% of the country’s†¦show more content†¦This is because Venezuela does not have the infrastructure to properly manage or distribute all this gas and give it a properly positive outcome. These event is causing two negative impacts to the count ry, one is economically because all that gas burned wasted could earn them more that what they would spend to build a good infrastructure or system to benefit the country economically or socially to the citizens with utilities they would use for their stoves or boilers. All this gas wasted does not contaminate just the place where it comes from but the whole atmosphere with its immense size. The country cannon advance too much on the reduction of greenhouse gases because the government takes role on free market and that makes businesses work with the agreement of the government to be legal. Many renewable resources companies could come out for business but if this would not benefit the country because its main source of income is oil, and changing energy sources to renewable would be devastating to the country’s income if they don’t find new ways to fix their economy besides relying on the sale of petroleum. This all are some of the problems that Venezuela faces, some of them have some solutions that the country is implementing to improve, but most of them are just mentioned by experts and not have much followers to enforce them and raise the nation nor the support fo theShow MoreRelatedVenezuela s Current Economic Policies1095 Words   |  5 PagesIn order to understand Venezuela’s current economic policies, it is important to examine the economic and political ideologies adopted by past leaders of the Bolivar state. Chavez, who was the president of Venezuela from 1993-2003, took a very anti-neoliberal approach towards the Venezuelan economy. Chavez had a strong distaste for western ideology and aimed to lessen the degree of influence that the IMF and the United States had over Venezuela; In fact, Chavez’s desire to distance Venezuela fromRead MoreVenezuela s Contemporary Policy Model888 Words   |  4 PagesVenezuela’s contemporary policy model is known for being deeply rooted in populist forms of governance since it supp orts the division between the people and the elite. This has been more prominent amongst Latin American rulers, since the role of a charismatic leader drives the relation between the government and its people. Regimes like these have specific policy mixes that fit into the spectrum of pro-poor and anti-imperialistic ideals. Chà ¡vez’s regime was a perfect fit for the definition and theRead MoreVenezuela Economy Essay1233 Words   |  5 PagesEconomic Analysis for Business Assignment Examine the last ten years of the Venezuelan economy Part One Venezuela is currently facing the worst economic crisis in history. According to the International Monetary Fund, it has negative growth of -8%, the worst in the world and the worst inflation rate (482%). The current unemployment rate is 17% though this figure is expected to climb towards 30%. Venezuela is a country that is reported to have the worlds largest oil supply, a commodity that hasRead MoreVenezuela s Impact On Venezuela1339 Words   |  6 Pagestier on the Global Economic Pyramid. Venezuela’s 2013 inflation rate was also 56.2%. Venezuela has the â€Å"largest proven reserves of crude oil in the world† and is currently dominated by the oil industry. Problems and Challenges: The main problem and challenge that Venezuela’s economy is facing today is a shortage in supplies. Many critics place the blame on Venezuela’s current president Nicolas Maduro and his poor management abilities. 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How Society Views Mental Health Changed over Time Free Essays

School of Health and Social Care Psychology of Health and Illness unit Observational record template What happened Initial thoughts Whilst at work I saw the nurse take bloods from a patient which was a monthly routine for the patient it has always gone ok and the patient has been fine with having her bloods taken before. The nurse told the patient it wouldn’t hurt at all. Something happened whereby the nurse couldn’t get the blood and had to re-attempt the procedure. We will write a custom essay sample on How Society Views Mental Health Changed over Time or any similar topic only for you Order Now The patient also experienced some pain during this procedure which she wasn’t expecting, the patient found this a quite traumatic experience The patient was elderly and appeared confused. The patient became anxious and next time a blood test was due became increasingly worried and reluctant to have the procedure. She appeared frightened of the needle What happened My initial thought was why did the procedure not go to plan and why did the patient react in the way she did. The previous procedure was fine and she knew what it involved she had her arm out ready for her bloods to be taken, she thought it wouldn’t hurt because it has always gone ok for her with minimal distress and pain so she wouldn’t be expecting that experience. Now the behaviour has changed and gets distressed when she sees the nurse with the needle. Another thought would be is she afraid of the nurse or the needle. Does the patient feel under pressure now to have her bloods taken. Initial thoughts One of my family members called may has lost both of her sons in the same year a few years ago they were both identical twins. This caused her to feel very low and had become depressed whilst grieving for her sons. Her husband has recently become disabled and is unable to cope alone at home. It is coming up to the twins birthday and she is feeling low she said to myself that she doesn’t think she can be happy and she always has bad luck. The other day she forgot she was cooking and burnt her food and also has forgot she is suppose to be at work . She has lost a lot of weight since she has been at home more helping her husband. She has been a light smoker most of her life but is not smoking a lot more. May is not the lady’s real name it is used for confidentiality reasons. My first thoughts is that the patient could be stressed after the life events that have occurred There are the daily pressures of work and general life with her still grieving for her sons, then on top her husband is recently disabled. The build up can be the stressor she could suffer with burnout if she is stressed for too long which could also lead back to depression. She is blaming external forces her saying that she always has had bad luck. Her feelings and thoughts in the mind is with her forgetting things, is this because she has other things on her mind due to pressure and replacing her long term memory with new memories. Not many of her needs have been met to achieve a sense of wellbeing. Another thought is how would she cope with the situation in hand which way would she go, good or bad meaning action response or palliative coping. If the patient is controlled by others or feels disempowered then they could become increasingly helpless whereby they completely rely on others and depend on them to make decisions for them this could also Increase stress. This essay will provide a definition of the term psychology and look at a brief history of how psychology originated. It will discuss psychological theorists and look at how their studies influenced how we view psychological concepts today. The essay will relate how psychological studies and theories can inform nursing care. It will outline a selection of psychological approaches such as the biological, humanistic and psychodynamic. It will discuss in further detail and focus upon the behaviourist and cognitive approaches. It will then go on to explore how the observations A and B can be explained within psychological theory. Observation A will apply the behaviourist approach to the situation and try to explore how this theory relates to the observation. It will discuss how a routine procedure could impact upon a person and their behaviours. Observation B will utilise the cognitive approach and apply this to the experiences of a person experiencing stressful life challenges it will explore key issues such as coping and information processing. The concept of Psychology originated from philosophy and biology which are two factors used in psychology today (Eysenck 2009). Psychology represents ‘study of the mind’ (Gross 2005). Psychology is a type of science which studies the behaviour of humans and animals, psychology tries to understand why people behave in certain ways taking into consideration their thoughts and feelings (Eysenck 2009). The term psychology was founded from the Greek word, psyche which means mind, soul or spirit combined with the Latin word logos which means’ the study of’ (Gross 2005). Psychology dates back to ancient civilizations who were interested in workings of the the mind and behaviours (Payne and Walker 2003). Wilhelm Wundt opened the first psychological laboratory in 1879 (Glassman 2008). Wundt and his co workers studied the structures that make up the mind, he was the first theorist to use psychology as a self conscious experiment studying perceptions and conscious awareness (Gross 2005). Psychology is relevant to nurses and health care professionals because both nurses and psychologists seek to understand the range of needs of an individual (Barker 2007). They also look at ways of adapting behaviours to make it possible for the individual to achieve a sense of well being. Barker 2007). According to the NMC (2008) nursing focuses on the individual as a whole taking in their physical, psychological, social or cultural needs rather than a specific aspect of an individual. Psychology gives nurses an insight into human behaviour and can inform them when providing care for people (Payne and Walker 2003). There are certain psychological based therapies in place such as person centred counselli ng and cognitive behavioural therapy to help people deal with anxiety and depression (Gross 2005). The biological approach assumes that our individual behaviour and experiences happen because of the activity in the nervous system (Glassman and Hadad 2004). Our central nervous system (CNS) is made up of neurons which are billions of nerve endings within the body (Glassman and Hadad 2004). According to this approach it is believed that a person’s thoughts feelings and actions are caused by the CNS (Livingstone 2009). Charles Darwin (1809-1882) was the first to suggest that we should view behaviour from a biological perspective. He saw the importance of children resembling their arents and the variations in humans and how individuals inherit genes as a cause of evolution (Eysenck 2009). The humanistic approach concentrates on a person’s individual perceptions and understanding of their own actions (Payne and Walker 2003). Individuals have their own free will to choose how they act in situations(Gross 2005). Carl Rogers explored the theory of self concept (Gross 2005). H e believed individuals are at their happiest when they have a positive regard of themselves, to achieve this status they must have an unconditional positive regard from other individuals (Payne and Walker 2003). If the individual does not have this they will not achieve a sense of worth. Abraham Maslow suggested the person centred theory of the hierarchy of needs ( 1943 cited Barker 2007). This suggests individuals have a responsibility to themselves to reach self actualization (Barker 2007). This theory is popular in the health profession because it looks at a person as a whole (Eysenck 2009). The psychodynamic approach suggests behaviour forms from our unconscious mind (Glassman and Hadad 2004). The forces in a person’s personality motivate different types of behaviour for example the unconscious and subconscious (Glassman and Hadad 2004). Sigmund Freud influenced the psychodynamic approach through his psychoanalytic theory of personality (WJEC 2009). Behaviour can be influenced by three parts of the mind; Id, Ego and Superego (Gross 2005). Id is an impulsive part of an individual’s personality, the Id influences basic biological drives such as eating and drinking (Glassman and Hadad 2004) . The aim of Id is to get what you need at any cost to maintain basic survival needs (WJEC 2009). The Ego is where individuals become rational, the ego balances the needs of the Id and Superego. The superego understands right from wrong, it rationalises behaviour that is learnt by parents and other surrounding influences (WJEC 2009). The ego will protect itself from unwanted thoughts for example painful memories can be pushed into the unconscious mind which can then be forgotten (Glassman and Hadad 2004). It is suggested behaviour is influenced by childhood experiences, while in the stage of childhood the ego is not developed enough to deal with a life event such as a traumatic experience (WJEC 2009). The behaviourist approach assumes the way we behave is the result of an experience, the approach looks at the environmental stimuli which could be an experience and how this influences the way in which someone learns (Glassman and Hadad 2004). Watson researched ways in which this theory could be measured and observed (Glassman and Hadad 2004). One of his studies was the ‘Little Albert’ whereby he thought children have three basic emotional reactions fear, rage, and love. He wanted to prove these three reactions could be conditioned in children. Watson used Albert to test his theory, He repeatedly presented Albert a rat in combination with a sudden, loud noise to classically condition fear (Gross 2005). ). Ivan Pavlov researched classical conditioning, while looking at the salivation of dogs he noticed what he called psychic salivation (Gross 2005). This is where a dog would salivate before it was given food (Gross 2005). Pavlov founded a basis for what we now call classical conditioning (Glassman and Hadad 2004). The theorist Skinner researched operant conditioning, one of his studies was a ‘skinner box’. A rat or pigeon would be studied doing certain tasks for example pushing a lever in the box for a reward thus becoming conditioned (Gross 2005). There are two forms of conditioning; classical and operant. Within classical conditioning an unconditioned response (UR) is when a response is not conditioned (Eysenck 2009). A neutral stimulus (NS) is the object which causes the UR (Gross 2005). The conditioned stimuli (CS) is an object which is associated with the NS pairing these two together after a number of attempts will soon create a conditioned response (CR) which would be classical conditioning (Eysenck 2009). If the CS is used by its self for a while the response will become extinct, after extinction it is possible to introduce the NS again and this creates spontaneous recovery (Eysenck 2009). In operant conditioning there are positive reinforces which are things given to strengthen the behaviour for example the rats used in the skinner box were given food every time they pushed the button (Gross 2005). A negative reinforce is something which is taken away to increase a behaviour (Glassman and Hadad 2004). Punishment is a form of a negative reinforce this could be something like a slap on the wrists for a child showing naughty behaviour this may result in a decrease of the response (Glassman and Hadad 2004) This essay will discuss how the behaviourist approach can be applied to observation A and how conditioning applies. Within classical conditioning the neutral stimulus and unconditional stimulus needs to be paired multiple times to achieve the conditioned response. If the patient in the observation viewed the pain as a traumatic experience then the neutral stimulus and unconditioned stimulus ill only need to be paired once to get the conditioned response. Before learning the neutral stimulus would be the needle and the unconditioned response would be the patient in distress. The unconditioned stimulus would be the pain so during the observation, the needle is the neutral stimulus which before would give the patient no response. Then during the procedure the neutral stimulus (needle) gives the patient an unpleasant pain which is the unconditioned response. The next time the patient’s routine bloods were due when she saw the needle which is the conditioned stimulus it gave the patient distress which is the conditioned response. Applying the approach to the observation the patient appears to have been classically conditioned. This is because before the observation when the patient had the procedure they appeared fine. During the observation the patient appeared to experience pain which lead her to become distressed because of the discomfort. After the conditioning when the nurse came in the room the patient associated the procedure with the pain so was scared to have the procedure, she is showing signs of fear when associating needle and pain. Although the needle could be viewed as a NS the nurse also could be, because in the patients mind the nurse gave her the pain. Other factors could also incorporate conditioning such as the environment for example if the patient was hot and uncomfortable can also be a trigger for becoming distressed. The cognitive approach looks at the role of the thought processes within the mind such as memory and information processing (Payne and Walker 2003). Cognitive psychologists are interested with brain thoughts that guide and cause different behaviour (Gross 2005). Until the 1990’s the cognitive approach only assumed how information was stored in the brain (Glassman and Hadad 2004). More enhanced technology including brain imaging techniques which helped psychologists and neuroscientists to map out brain function in coalition with behaviour (Payne and Walker 2003). Studies have shown that the relationships between thinking and languages can influence the way we think (Payne and Walker 2003). The information processing model has broadened our understanding of memory and problem solving (Glassman and Hadad 2004). Cognitive psychologists see the human mind as an information processor; we take the information from an environment and interpret in our own way to produce behaviour (Glassman and Hadad 2004). The response model of stress defines stress as the reactions of the person by the demands (Gross 2005). Stress can fall under 3 categories stress can be a stimulus, response or an interaction between an individual and its environment (Gross 2005). The categories of stress can correspond to the three models of stress (Cox 1978 cited in Gross 2005). Holmes and Rahe (1967 cited Eysenck 2009) developed the social readjustment rating scale (SRRS) to assess life events. They suggested that if a person has had many life events they are likely to be stressed (Gross 2005). Rotter (1966 cited Gross 2005) found that life events are more stressful if their locus of control was external. An external locus of control means that their behaviour is guided by fate, luck or other external circumstances such as other people (Barker 2007). According to Martin Seligman (1967 cited in Gross 2005), learned helplessness can happen when individuals have no control over their life or situation. They begin to think they are helpless, people who have learned helplessness appear to miss the opportunities to help change their situation (Gross 2005). Walter Canon (1932) suggested the principle of the fight or flight response, fight or flight means we prepare ourselves for attack harm or threat, when an individual is stressed the body reacts to make the fight or flight response (Gross 2005). According to Gross (2005) Hans Selye (1956) further developed this to create the general adaptation syndrome (GAS). GAS stands for the body’s way of defending against stress, individuals will act in response to any stressor in the same way within the body (Gross 2005). According to Gross (2005) coping means dealing with a situation to act and overcome a situation. Cohen and Lazarus (1979) classified different ways in which individuals cope (Eysenck 2009). Direct coping is when a person deals with the situation by changing, or removing the stressor. The individual looks at the situation to understand it, then if a similar stressor arises the individual can deal with it (Gross 2005). Emotion focused coping looks at trying to take away the off putting emotion to make the individual feel better for example ignoring the stress and doing something that makes the individual feel good (Gross 2005). Palliative coping is when the individuals turn to relief which is short term they will change the internal environment for example alcohol (Gross2005). When applying the cognitive approach to observation B, May appears to be stressed. The information processing model has taken the information from the stimulus which is May’s ife events which and interpreted it into stress (Glassman and Hadad 2004). This applies to the information processing model because she is taking information from the environment and situation to interpret it in her own way formulating negative thoughts and behaviours (Gross 2005). She is responding to the events that have occurred in her life, for example her sons dying and her husband becoming recently disabled, she has had to try and balance he r daily life demands and incorporate caring for her husband at the same time. When there is an imbalance it is likely stress can occur, this applies to May. According to the SRRS May has had many major life events which can cause her a high level of stress and she had already suffered with depression which is proved to be significant on the scale (Eysenck 2009). May’s locus of control is external, this is because according to May she does not think she will ever be happy again, and she has bad luck her emotions are low so her helplessness can result in stress (Barker 2007). May also maybe stressed due to the fight or flight response, this is because she is perceiving her life experiences and current situation as a threat (Gross 2005). May has not yet seen any opportunity to help herself from this stress she has not yet looked at a way of removing the stress if she stays in this situation she may have learned helplessness (Gross 2005). Applying to Mays way of coping, she appears to be palliative coping, this is because she has turned to short term relief such as smoking which is changing her internal environment (Gross 2005). In conclusion this essay has given a definition of psychology, It has understood why psychology is relevant to the nursing profession. The essay has given an overview of the biological approach which assumes that person’s behaviour happens because of the CNS. It has also given an overview of the humanistic approach which explains a person has their own perceptions and understanding of their actions, the approach is more relevant to nursing because it takes into consideration the whole aspects of a person to help achieve self actualisation. The essay has given an overview of the psychodynamic approach which suggests that behaviour forms from our unconscious mind. It has given an explanation of the behaviourist approach explaining classical and operant conditioning. Then given an overview of how this approach has applied to observation A, using classical conditioning. Finally this essay has explained the cognitive approach relating it to the model of stress coping and explained how observation B can be demonstrated within the cognitive approach. References Barker. S. , 2007. Vital notes for nurses: Psychology. Oxford: Blackwell publishing. Glassman. W and Hadad. M. , 2004. Approaches to psychology. 4th edition. Buckingham: open university press. Gross. R. , 2005. Psychology the Science of Mind and Behaviour. 5th edition. London: Green Gate. Livingstone. C. , 2009. Psychology and sociology applied to medicine. 3rd edition. London: Harcourt publishers. Nursing and Midwifery council. , 2008. The code. UK: nursing midwifery council. Available from: http://www. nmc-uk. org/Documents/Standards/The-code-A4-20100406. df [accessed 14/02/12] Payne. S. and Walker. J. , 2003. Psychology for nurses and the caring professionals. Berkshire: Open university press. Royal College of Nursing. , 2003. P. 3, Defining Nursing. London: The Royal College of Nursing. Available from: http://www. rcn. org. uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0008/78569/001998. pdf [accessed 14/02/12] WJEC. , 2009. Psychology AS. Dublin: Folens publishers. available from: http://onlineclassroom. tv/files/pos ts/the_psychodynamic_approach_free_chapter/document00/WJEC_AS_Ch_03. pdf [accessed 9/02/12] How to cite How Society Views Mental Health Changed over Time, Papers

Concept of Corporate Accounting

Questions: 1. Describe what you understand by the accounting concepts mentioned and provide examples from your selected annual report. 2. Discuss the problems of tax effect accounting addressed in the above statement in the context of the present AASB / IASB standards and the conceptual framework using your selected annual report to provide examples. 3. Comment on the issues of tax effect accounting in the above statement as they relate to the provision of decision useful information. Use your selected annual report toprovide examples. Answers: Introduction The main purpose of the assignment is to bring out matters relating with corporate accounting. In this particular assignment, Harvey Norman is taken under study that is an Australian-listed firm (Taylor, 2011). Harvey Norman is large Australia-based as well as multi-national retailer that deals in furniture, bedding as well as communication and consumer electric products. It operates in form of franchise in and around Australia. It uses conventional accounting system for bringing relevant issues into consideration. It ensures explanation of accounting concepts with examples from Harvey Norman. As far as next section is concerned, it deals with tax effect accounting standards in accordance with IAS and FASB Standards. These standards relates in accordance with conceptual framework for future analysis purpose (Spiceland, Thomas, Herrmann, 2011). At the last section, it ensures commenting on the tax effect accounting for taking future decisions into practical course of action. Explanation on accounting concepts with adequate examples in accordance with annual report of Harvey Norman It is important to consider the fact that conventional management accounting reveals accounting system that helps in providing information by the managers in business organization. It includes business owners for viewing at debts and credit items in the financial accounting reporting for the same. As far as management tools are concerned, it deals with undertaking useful decisions on behalf of Harvey Norman (Solomon Solomon, 2012). It indulges in undertaking some characteristics in case of management accounting. It ensures leveraging those useful techniques for managing business firms in desired form. In case of Harvey Norman, it indulges in Target income around $ 3.3 million at the end of financial year. Allocated funds involves around rebate terns in dealing with international suppliers for boosting target earnings in an overall manner. It ensures accumulating issues on matters relating employees on an adverse manner. Harvey Norman involves in earnings management for resulting outcomes in probing for scandal issues (Rajasekaran Lalitha, 2011). Harvey Norman declares that earnings earned by group come with 2% in the near future. It aims at targeting working with suppliers in unwinding various earnings arrangements for future analysis purpose. It is essential for indulging in clear direction and expectation of Harvey Norman as per the code of conduct for the same. It includes support from detailed group policies as per accounting policies in regular staff training for future analysis purpose (Libby, Libby, Short, 2011). It influences ways and puts up strong culture adherence in managing with long-term sustainable growth as far as possible. As far as management accounting is concerned, it deals with drawing attention on information sharing by the managers in decision-making process. It indulges in gaining financial accounting information especially by the external decision-makers in the most appropriate way. Business owners aim at undertaking managerial accounting information as per the business plans in the most appropriate way (Krivogorsky, 2011). It helps in controlling over business operations in case of evaluation in form of making complex business choices in an effective way. Management accounting is the process of c ontrolling over internal accounting system in accordance with specified facts and situations. Harvey Norman enjoys profit after tax amounting to $ 3340 million in accordance with increased 7.3 percentages. It indulges in discounted operations and non-trading items for future analysis purpose. It solves various accounting issues as well as accepting shared responsibility at the same time. As far as supplier rebate arrangements are concerned, it deals with agreed profits in between $ 10 million in case of money flow at the end of financial year (Kieso, Weygandt, Warfield, 2012). Harvey Norman aims at appointing supplier arrangement in solving probing issues from past financial activities. It indulges in comprehensive investigation in case of accounting purpose in form of commercial income for final purpose. It ensures carrying out Stuart demand in case of substantial contribution in turnaround cases. It indulges in bringing great effort and target market for future analysis purpose. Harvey Norman involves in managing with the inventory as far as possible. It is one of the nati onal retailer in bedding goods as well as furniture for the same. Harvey Norman needs to pay amount of $440 million in investment planning in the near future. In case of financial accounting, it aims at focusing on recording of past transactions as far as possible. Management accounting reveals ways in undertaking future decisions by management accountants. It is important to understand the facts relating management accounting reports for managing the budget and profit plan in an effective way. Harvey Norman needs to create budget in order to finalize business plan for the next financial years (Jones, 2011). It ensures evaluating with the accounting information in case of selecting attributes like time factor and accuracy at the same time. As far as financial accounting is concerned, it deals with focusing on accuracy matters as evaluated by decision makers. Management accountants believe in helping in creating estimates in order to render best information for making assumptions. Explanation on problems of tax effect accounting as per AASB and IASB Standards In accordance with Income taxes IAS 12, it indulges in implementation of comprehensive balance sheet in resolving accounting issues faced by Harvey Norman. It mainly includes income taxes in form of current tax recognition in viewing at the future consequences as per transactions in the most appropriate way (Jeffrey, 2011). IAS 12 includes income taxes in case of recovering for future settlement in carrying amount for future analysis purpose. It indulges in relying on business entity for assets and liabilities in an overall manner. It helps in viewing at the differences from carrying amount and tax bases for asset recognition and liabilities. It ensures carrying efficient ways for forward taxes in case of credit transactions for future analysis purpose. It helps in limiting ways in carrying out exceptional items in case of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets for the same. The main aim of IAS 12 includes prescribing important terms in accounting treatment as far as income taxes is concerned. It ensures meeting objectives in relation with IAS 12 in case of inherent recognition of assets and liabilities in proper ways. It helps in recovering ways in settling for tax consequences for further recognition at the same time (Horngren, 2013). It takes into account for tax bases in case of assets and liabilities in tax attribution in an effective way. It includes various ways for carrying amount of assets and liabilities for retaining the financial position of Harvey Norman. It ensures viewing at the temporary differences for taxable amount in determining tax profits and loss for given time. Conceptual Framework of Harvey Norman Harvey Norman aims at committing towards attaining sustainability in the near future. It accounts for economic, environmental and social impact of operations for future analysis purpose. It focuses on delivering best results that will benefit society and brings positive business in an effective way. It ensures building on social reputation and places as good corporate citizen in the upcoming years (Fields, 2011). As far as conceptual framework is concerned, it deals with describing objectives in development of general purpose of financial reporting as far as possible. It is one of the practical tools that ensures as well as assists Board for development of IFRS standards for the same. It focuses mainly on financial accounting preparation for developing various accounting policies at the same time. There is no actual IFRS standard for assisting ways in preparation of financial statements in any form. It helps in enabling ways for understanding and interpretation of financial statement as a whole (Feldmann Rupert, 2012). Conceptual framework helps in improving ways in financial reporting system. It indulges in bringing proper concepts on matters relating to accounting standard implementation in proper ways. It achieves objectives regarding existing conceptual framework as and by Board Members. It aims at updating and improving in the conceptual framework in revised form. As far as conceptual framework is concerned, it ensures defining nature and purpose of accounting principles at the same time. It ensures addressing theoretical and conceptual issues in accordance with business activities. It should ensure financial reporting system for bringing coherent and consistent information in the most appropriate way. It aims at underpinning accounting standards development in an overall manner (Edgerton, 2012). Explanation on tax effect accounting in relation with provision for making final decisions It is important to understand the fact that income tax accounting proves complexity in real life business scenario like Harvey Norman. It requires adequate knowledge as in case of income tax accounting models. It includes tax laws and regulations for future analysis purpose (Dyckman, Magee, Pfeiffer, 2011). Harvey Norman is a company that indulges in viewing at comprehensive reviews. It helps in reducing level of complexity in case of income tax accounting for the same. It helps in improving ways for bringing relevance of information for quality improvement and reporting for future analysis purpose. It helps in bringing ways for evolution in case of economic, regulatory and tax legislative actions in an overall manner. It includes addressing accounting standard setting environment in the most appropriate way. It carries out existing accounting for gaining information from magnitude of shortcomings from past financial records of Harvey Norman (Devi Hooper, 2011). As far as Financial Accounting Standard Board is concerned, it deals with original convergence agenda in case of solving future issues in convenient form. International Accounting Standard Board believes in planning out ways for reducing modest differences between respective standards in case of income tax accounting at the same time. It aims at planning out ultimate abandons in indicating ways for consulting comprehensive future in the most appropriate way (Davis, 2012). It indulges in conceptual merits in case of current models in tax measurement in form of discounted taxes and cash flow basis in an effective way. It is important to consider the fact that investors revolves around increased interest in paying attention in final decision-making process. It reported ways for viewing at income tax amount and financial disclosures as a whole. It includes committees in viewing at the pending new standards in case of revenue, leasing and related financial instruments in proper ways. It ensures improving reporting standards in reducing level of complexity and making final decisions for gaining information from potential investors (Dagwell et al. 2012). It undertakes operational challenges in association with discounts for considering matters relating to tax-effect accounting as far as possible. It helps in bringing improving tools and experience as per challenges in income tax accounting in an overall manner. It ensures focusing on discounting of deferred tax accounting at the same time. It includes net income analysis in recording one-time adjustment as far as possible. It indulges in possible refor ms in case of income tax building for Harvey Norman for redefining current models in the most appropriate way (Albrecht, Stice, Stice, 2011). It requires personnel with deep knowledge in income tax laws and financial reporting standards in proper ways. It revolves around processing with reliance exposure by using spreadsheets in general ledger system for future analysis purpose. Harvey Norman should manage outside services and increased cost at the time of financial statement preparation. As far as investors are concerned, it deals with placing at historical performance for matters relating to effective tax accounting rates in current accounting standard in the near future (Blowfield Murray, 2011). It revolves around addressing tax-related cash flows and expectations as far as possible. Conclusion At the end of the study, it is interesting in gathering facts about the company named as Harvey Norman. Harvey Norman believes in attainment of revenue generation in future and retaining the global marketplace for the same. It includes explanation on concepts relating to tax effect accounting policies of Harvey Norman. It engages in taking economic measures as per income tax costs and benefits at the same time. It indulges in viewing at the deferred tax payments and balance sheet transactions for smooth functioning of Harvey Norman. In this assignment, it reveals consolidated financial statement and separate statement for taking correction actions in the near future. It ensures necessitating initial public offering in case of business combination in the most appropriate way. Reference List Albrecht, W., Stice, E., Stice, J. (2011).Financial accounting. Mason, OH: Thomson/South-Western. Blowfield, M. Murray, A. (2011).Corporate responsibility. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Dagwell, R., Wines, G., Lambert, C., Psaros, J. (2012).Corporate accounting in Australia. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: Pearson. Davis, M. (2012).Accounting for real estate transactions. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. Devi, S. Hooper, K. (2011).Accounting in Asia. Bingley: Emerald. Dyckman, T., Magee, R., Pfeiffer, G. 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